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P/390 - S/390 Microprocessor Complex

@8F9E.ADF IBM S/390 Microprocessor Complex (P/390)

p3902021.zip PC Server S/390 (P/390) Fixpack 2.2.1
p3902033.zip PC Server S/390 (P/390) Fixpack 2.3.3
p390dgs.zip PC Server 500 S/390 (P/390) Diag Fixes (FTP, DEAD)
195-343 500 System/390 8641-MYC: Two Computing Environments in One
196-132 Hardware Withdrawal: IBM PC Server 500 System/390
196-052 IBM PC SERVER 500 S/390 Enhancements

S/390 CMOS server I/O: The continuing evolution (archived) (PDF, TXT)
IBM PC SERVER SYSTEM/390 HINTS AND TIPS (FAQ)
PC SERVER 500 SYSTEM/390 PERFORMANCE
IBM PC SERVER SYSTEM/390 QUICK PRODUCT GUIDE
IBM PC SERVER 500 SYSTEM/390 QUICK PRODUCT GUIDE

P/390 S/390 Program Install Disk Images (from Alex and Kevin)
P/390 Fixpacks (thx Alex)
P/390 PDF Documents (thx Alex)

P/390 Development Home Page (FTP, DEAD)
P/390 Links (archived, check older snapshots)

P/390 Processor, Front
P/390 Processor, Rear
96MB Memory Daughter Card, Front (away from P/390)
96MB Memory Daughter Card, Rear (towards P/390)

P/390 Processor, Front

MCA Interface is the "Mistral" chip, 92G9317

Both processors have an eight-megabyte local program store (LPS) (or memory). The bridge chip also attaches to a memory controller chip that provides access to a 16-megabyte local data store (LDS) (or memory) and provides a connection to the ENTR and ATM logic. Several programmed logic devices (PLDs) are used to convert bus protocols, arbitrate bus access, and control flash memories.

The MCA EN/TR adapter contains two independent front-end chip sets that drive two independent Ethernet or token ring ports. Each port can be independently configured as either Ethernet or token ring, but not both at the same time. The front-end chip sets, with the exception of the TEMPL chip from National Semiconductor, are designed and manufactured by IBM. An IBM microchannel (MC) bus is provided by a bus controller chip called Battenkill, and this bus connects to a Garrison chip in the ENTR front-end logic. The Garrison chip converts the microchannel bus to an internal bus used by the rest of the ENTR front-end chip set. This internal bus connects to flash memory and to the MPC chip. The MPC chip contains an embedded special-purpose processor that handles the media access control (MAC) frames and moves the logical link control (LLC) frames. Attached to the MPC chip are the TEMPL and Atomic chips. The TEMPL chip supports the Ethernet physical layer defined by IEEE 802.3 and operates at 10 megabits per second. The Atomic chip supports the token ring physical layer defined by IEEE 802.5 and operates at 16 megabits per second.

P/390 Processor, Rear (Original scans by Tim Clarke)

Microprocessor Complex

The P/390 processor is a single chip on the card. The processor has approximately 220K gates and uses 420 signal pins of the 647-pin mount. (The other pins are used for power and grounds.) It has 32KB of control storage and uses horizontal microcode with 136 bits per word. Internal data flow is 64 bits wide. The basic P/390 adapter has 32 MB storage. 

The P/390 adaptor contains its own timing circuits, and its clocking is independent of the Server. The current P/390 contains a 71 MHz clock that is divided into a four-phase clock of approximately 17.7 MHz. Different S/390 instructions require different numbers of clock cycles to complete, but the average performance is approximately 4.5 S/390 processor MIPS. An important design goal was to avoid any modifications to OS/390 (or any other S/390 operating system used with the system). The key to doing this was to move all I/O operations to the OS/2 side of the system. No modifications are required for OS/390 to run on this system, although some reconfiguration may be appropriate. 

The P/390 microprocessor is a single chip. It is controlled by microcode that is loaded when the P/390 subsystem is started. The P/390 processor (through hardware and microcode) implements the full S/390 subchannel architected interfaces; that is, a S/390 program can issue all the defined I/O instructions and work with the control blocks associated with these instructions. The subchannel control blocks (as used in all System/390 platforms) are the link between the S/390 processor and the OS/2 support programs. 

P390 Memory Daughter Card

Two variants exist — 32 MB and 96 MB.

96 MB Daughtercard, Front (away from P/390)

96MB Memory Daughtercard, Rear (towards P/390)

The S/390 Microprocessor Complex consists of a P/390 Processor Card and an optional P/390 32MB (expands P/390 memory to 64MB), or P/390 96MB Memory Card (expands P/390 memory to 128MB) attached to the P/390 Processor Card. When a daughter card is used, the storage is interleaved. The 32MB storage on the S/390 processor card is not the "first 32MB."

When the processor card is installed with a memory card attached, the voltages for the memory card are provided by the system-board slot adjacent to the slot occupied by the processor card. Together the P/390 Processor Card and a P/390 32MB, or P/390 96MB Memory Card occupy two adjacent slots on the system board.

Each of the two sides (OS/2 and P/390) has its own dedicated memory and this cannot be shared with the other side. The daughter card requires a Micro Channel slot; it uses the slot for power and ground connections, but does not transfer data through the Micro Channel.

P/390 Block Diagram

Limits of the P/390 Complex vs. a S/390 System

While the S/390 instructions execute natively on a dedicated CMOS chip on the S/390 Microprocessor Complex, the execution of the S/390's I/O is handled by OS/2 Device Managers and Device Drivers. The PC Server S/390 does not have the ability, for example, to support multiple "channels" attached to the same physical device. This capability exists and is exploited in standard S/390 systems. In this implementation, S/390 devices (tapes and printers) are either channel attached (via S/370 Channel Emulator/A) or emulated on PC devices in a manner that is transparent to the S/390. While this creates an environment with many exciting options for I/O attachment and support, use of the server's I/O resources requires workload planning to achieve good results.

Other limiting factors:

• S/390 functions not supported: ESCON (R), PR/SM (TM), Parallel Sysplex, Coupling Links, Integrated Coupling Migration Facility, Sysplex, Sysplex Timer (R) (ETR), Concurrent PR/SM Maintenance, Dynamic Reconfiguration Management, Vector Facility, Expanded VF Instructions, SIE I/O Assist, Asynchronous Pageout Facility, ICRF, and Asynchronous Data Mover Facility.
• The PC Server S/390 does not attach to S/390 DASD.
• VM/ESA provides guest support; however, there is no multiple high-performance guest support provided. Only one guest can run as V=R, additional guests must run as V=V with some performance degradation; V=F is not supported. This does not effect CMS guests.

Can the P/390 processor card be run as a Microchannel adapter?

A: It might work, but it is not available as a separate adapter card. Notice that we said it might work. A P/390 system is complex, with OS/390 (or VM or VSE), OS/2 or AIX, a heavily-loaded disk subsystem, rather complex device emulation routines, and (often) external connections to "real" S/360, S/370, and S/390 devices. Developing and supporting this in a few, well defined environments enables IBM to provide a stable, supportable product. Attempting to build, test, debug, and support the same functions on the full range of all possible Micro Channel systems (and all the potential adapters these might use) is an unreasonably large job.

Can I write my own device managers?

A: Yes, but it is not a trivial job. Information is found in two ZIP files contained in the P/390 subsystem diskettes. The files are AWSDEV.ZIP and AWSDMEX.ZIP. (Another ZIP file, PWSPOWER.ZIP, is concerned with managing a multiprotocol adapter; this is not relevant to OS/390 usage.) Device managers are written in C (or C++ or PL/I) or Intel assembly language. Examples and descriptions of both methods are provided.

Can I install multiple P/390 adapter cards and create an MP system?

A: Multiple P/370 (not 390) adapters have been installed in a single server, but only for specialized demonstrations. This does not produce an MP system because memory and interrupts are not shared among the adapters. At this time, this is not a practical solution for anything, and it is not supported by IBM.

You cannot use a Micro-Channel P/390 with the PCI S/390 Parallel Channel Adapter. The "bridge" chips used in combo systems don't support busmaster transfers between adapters of different bus types.

A Micro-Channel version of the AWSICE adapter exists, but is only available in selected OEM environments. The Micro-Channel AIB is the same as the PCI AIB, except for a different back-plate. However, a Micro-Channel system requires a Micro-Channel ARTIC adapter, which is entirely different from the PCI ARTIC.

PCServer500 - Features (S/390)
PCServer500 - Documentation And Manuals (S/390)
PCServer500 - Machine Check Error Messages (S/390)
PCServer500 - POST (S/390)

Product overview (S/390)

The IBM PC Server 500 System/390 is a PC Server 500 (see -- Heading 'PCS500' unknown --) with an IBM S/390 Microprocessor Complex (see 'Locations' ) installed. The S/390 Microprocessor Complex and S/390 programs provide the hardware and software required to run 390-based applications on the PC Server 500 System/390.

Configuration (S/390)

In addition to the configuration program for the Server 500 (see 'Configuration (Server 500)'), a configuration program is provided for configuring the S/390 Microprocessor complex (see 'Microprocessor Complex Configuration (S/390)'). 
   The Server 500 Configuration Program requires the following information for each card (adapter) and device installed in the computer. 
    - .ADF ) and .DGF files. (Normally found on the option diskette for 
         the card or device and must be installed on the default drive.) 
    - Device driver statement in config.sys file. (Required for computer to 
         load necessary files required to support card or device.) 

Note: The device driver statement for the P/390 card should be the last statement (last line) in the config.sys file.

Microprocessor Complex Configuration (S/390)

Microprocessor Complex Configuration (S/390) After the S/390 Microprocessor Complex has been successfully initialized, the S/390 Configuration program can be accessed by clicking on the 390 (370) Configuration Icon in the System/390 (System 370) Group on the OS/2 Desktop. See 'Icons (System/390)'. 
    The Configuration program is a menu driven program that provides two main functions. 
    It allows you to describe the mapping between the input/output (I/O) devices available on the PC Server System/390 and the System/370 I/O devices they emulate. See 'Device Map'. 
     It provides an easy way for Virtual Machine/Enterprise Systems Architecture (VM/ESA) users to create and maintain new VM userids on the PC Server System/390 and minidisks associated with these userids. 

   Changes are made to the system configuration by changing the values in the data menus. 

   The following example of reading a 9336 DASD summarizes how the 370 I/O subsystem emulates I/O operations on the PC Server System/390. 

    1. 390 OS does a system I/O instruction to real device 100. 
    2. The 390 Licensed Internal Code (LIC) passes all I/O instructions to 
          the 370 I/O subsystem running on the PC Server Processor Complex. 
    3. The 370 channel emulator executes the 370 channel program and 
          passes the request to the device manager that claims that range of 
         devices in DEVMAP. In this example, it would be an fixed block 
         architecture (FBA) device manager. 
    4. The FBA device manager gets the request for device 100. It looks in 
         the DEVMAP entry for device 100 to fill out the OS/2 file name for 
         9336 device 100. The device map points to the OS/2 file that 
         emulates the 370 disk drive, for example, D:\VM\MAINT.191 for a 
         VM system or D:\VSDISRES.140 for a virtual storage extended (VSE) system. 
     5. A request is issued to OS/2 to read the data from the OS/2 file name 
          MAINT.191 in the \VM directory of disk drive D: or from the OS/2 
          file name DOSRES.140 in the \VSE directory of disk drive D:/ 
     6. OS/2 issues the request for the data to the PC Server device 
          containing disk drive D: 
     7. The data is passed back up the line until it is presented to the 
          requesting VM or VSE program. 

   The Configurator requires the following four files to operator correctly. (For information on the content of these files, refer to the Introducing the PC Server 500 System/390L manual (Form Number GC24-5717-00) supplied with the computer. 
                  - DEVMAP.xxx 
                  - DMKRIO.ASM 
                  - DMKSYS.ASM 
                  - USER.DIR 
 

Error Reporting (S/390)

The S/390 Microprocessor Complex uses the following methods of error reporting. 

POST Error 165 (configuration)  If this error is displayed and the P/390 card does not appear on the installed devices list, it is an indication that one or more of the following problems exist: 
    - Missing or bad .ADF or .DGS files 
    - Missing or incorrect statement in the config.sys file. (The statement for the P/390 should be the last line in the config.sys file.) 

Dialog Box (Machine Check Errors) If an error is detected during or after initialization of the P390 card, a Dialog Box with a Machine Check error is displayed. If this occurs, run the P/390 Diagnostic and Option diskette. For a list of common Machine Check errors, see 'Machine Check Error Messages.' 

AWS Error Log  Contains ASKI test information about failures that occurred during operation. Located in the P390 subdirectory on the hard disk drive (path = C:\P390\AWSERROR.LOG ), this file can be edited with a text editor. 

Diagnostic Flow Chart (S/390)

Device Managers (S/390)

The PC Server System/390 supplies several device managers to support emulation of 370 I/O devices. The device managers are OS/2 applications that are started when S/390 Microprocessor Complex is IPL'ed with a device map containing device definitions that use the device managers. 
     Each device manager is identified by name on the PC Server/390 Configuration screen that is used to perform device mapping. See 'Microprocessor Complex Configuration (S/390)'. (Do not confuse this configuration program with the PC Server 500 Configuration program.) 

The following is a list of device managers and their function. 

Note: For detailed information about device drivers, refer to the Introducing the PC Server 500 System/390L manual (Form Number GC24-5717-00) supplied with the computer. 

Software/Diagnostics (S/390)

Note:
   Knowledge of System/390 and CP/390 architecture is essential to the proper use of these processor control functions. Information about System architecture is found in IBM Principles of Operation, GA22-7201. 
   VM/ESA and VSE/ESA use the same problem determination tools on the PC Server/390 for debugging 390 operating system and applications problems as they do on 390 mainframe systems. 
   Standard OS/2 debugging tools can be used to assist with problems with the 390 environment on the PC Server/390 since many of the functions use OS/2 facilities and PC Server devices. The 390 Processor Complex Programs also have the following tools for controlling and debugging the system.

Microprocessor Complex Diagnostics (S/390)
  The IBM P/390 Advanced Diagnostics and Options Diskette contains the programs used to test the S/390 Microprocessor Complex installed in the computer, and the ADF and DGF files required for configuration. To run the S/390 Microprocessor Complex Diagnostics programs, see 'Advanced Diagnostics and Options Diskette (S/390).' 

Advanced Diagnostics and Options Diskette (S/390)
   The Advanced Diagnostics and Options Diskette is a self-booting diskette that contains the P/390 diagnostic programs. The diagnostic programs are designed to be used with the diagnostic diskette and diagnostic information in the IBM PS/2 Hardware Maintenance manual for the computer you are servicing. The results of the diagnostic tests are reported as a success or failure. 

To run the P/390 diagnostic programs, do the following.
Note:
   First run the diagnostics program for the computer you are servicing. If the P/390 card is recognized by the configuration program (the P/390 appears on the installed devices list), the diagnostics program will instruct you to run the P/390 Diagnostics and Option diskette. If the P/390 card is not recognized by the configuration program (does not appear on the installed devices list), go to 'Error Reporting (P/390)'. 

  1. Power-off the computer; then power-off all external devices. 
  2. Insert the P/390 Diagnostics and Option diskette into drive A. 
  3. Power-on all external devices; then power-on the computer. 
  4. When the Main Menu appears, 
     a. Select2 
     b. After the information message, press Enter. 
     c. Select E to run the diagnostic programs with expanded messages. 
        The diagnostic program will test the adapter and terminate with the 
        message "P/390 in slot X successfully passed all tests, or a failure 
        message that includes an error message and error code. The error 
        message will identify the failing FRU. 
    d. If a failure message is displayed, it identifies the failing FRU(s) as: 
        1. The adapter card, excluding the memory card 
        2. The memory card 
        3. Both the adapter card and the memory daughter card (when the failure can't be isolated). 
    e. Record the error code and replace the identified FRU. 

Initialization (S/390)
   To Initialize (start) the S/390 Complex, click on the IPL 390 (370) Processor icon in the System/390 (System/370) Group on the OS/2 Desktop. 

OS/2 Desktop Icons Explained (S/390)
The system/390 (system /370) located in the OS/2 Desktop contains: 

PC Server S/390 optional features:

S/370 Channel Emulator/A Adapter
           A Micro Channel adapter, which emulates the operation of an S/370 and S/390 channel.  This adapter can be used to attach  most S/390 I/O devices and/or controllers, except DASD, to the PC Server S/390. 

Question: 
I have a P/390 machine with a S/370 channel (POSID E014) in Slot  4. I have run automatic configuration after installing the card. 
    The IO Buffer Location is forced to "PROGRAMMED 64K > 1M" and shows as a conflict. Saving the configuration then booting the machine with the chan370 statements in CONFIG.SYS result in the card being detected but disabled. 
   How can I fix this? 

 Answer: The proper way to configure the S/370 channel card is to let the server autoconfigure on its own. Selecting the auto-config option is *not* the same. 
    1.Make sure the ADF file you are using for the S/370 channel card is the one from the P/390 disk, don't use the one that came with  the S/370 channel card itself. (That one has some options that are incompatible with the P/390. It sounds like you were using the right ADF, I just mention this in case somebody else is browsing this in the archives.) 
    2.Remove the card from the machine and go through configuration. 
    3.Shutdown the machine and re-install the S/370 channel card. 
    4.Power up the machine and when it asks if you want to autoconfigure say 'yes'. 
    5.Then when you look at the S/370 channel configuration it should be 
        OK. You can make changes at this point (to the interrupt level, for 
        example, or to other adapters) and save them and all will be fine. Its 
        just the initial 'forced' autoconfiguration that does something unique 
        that can't be reliably done any other way/time. 
   You may be able to get it to work by moving other cards, etc. but this is the only 'sure' way to do it 

Configuration Structure (S/390)
The following illustration shows the hierarchy of menus in the PC Server System/390 Configurator. Online help is available for most of the menus.